SYNAPSIDS: Stem-Mammals. Size comparison and data. Paleoart
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Date: 2024-01-04
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Comments and reviews: 35
-dudotolivier6363
Synapsid is a term who can be applied as for these creatures as on all mamals the Evolution itself has know, included us! Same for the Therapsid term (who is include in the Synapsida order.
But, it's true that is a term in general more use, by us the public but even by the scientist, for all the creatures outside the mammalia order!
But, for more precision and to avoid some mistakes or confusions, it is preferable to use the terms of -Stem-mammals- (like here in the title video, -Pre-Mammals-, -Proto-Mammals-, or, more often used -Mammalian Reptiles-.
Mammalian Reptiles is a term considered a little misleading and outdated, especially in the current Classical Systematic, but in reality alway as valid than ever, since all these creatures were and are reptiles but from another lineage than the one who regroup all the others reptiles.
When reptiles appears from amphibians (and more precisely from the reptilomorphs tetrapods ampibians, two different lineage of reptiles become separate: the Synapsid (all the creatures, orders, groups and famillies mention in this videos and the modern mammals) and the Sauropsids/Reptilia (who contain the Parareptilia -reptiles- group, named -next to the reptiles-, and include only the Anapsid with the Pareiasauridae mainly with some very mior families like (maybe since some recent reseach) the family of the Mesosaurus; and the Eureptilia reptiles group, named -true reptile-, with mainly the Diapsida and include all the others reptiles that, in general, came to our mid when we heard this word: the Archosauria/Archosauromorpha with Crocodiles, Dinosaurs/Birds and Pterosaurs, and the Lepidosauria/Lepidosauromorpha who include the Rhynchocephalia (Sphenodon/Tuatara's order) and all the Squamata reptiles with lizards, snakes, monitor lizards, turtles/tortoises, etc)!
Like with birds who evolved and descend from the dinosaurs (more precisely the Coelurosaurian ones with T-rex, Raptors, Oviraptors and dino-birds like Microraptor and directly from the Avialae clade with the Archeopteryx like most famous representative, and are themselves true dinosaurs, their only current representatives today, techniquely, following this and even veridic logic, all the mammals today and ourselves, humans, are reptiles too!
Because, by this crazy but true fact, our ancestors were reptiles who evolve to get all the mammalian caracteristics we have today (fur, sensitive organ, ears, the breasts/udders with milk, etc, it's important to give some tribute like this one!
They dominated all the Permian era (who was their Golden Age, we can call him the -Synapsid/Therapsid/Mammalian Reptiles Era- or the -Age of Synapsid/Therapsid/Mammalian Reptiles-) and a little the Triassic era but not as the dominant clade (that was the Archosauria one but almost only the Crocodiles with all their diverses terrestrials extincts representatives, the dinos being second place creatures, and we can call this era the -Croodiles Era- or the -Age of Crocodiles-, and become completely extinct at or before the beginning of the Jurassic period, where their only representatives was the true mammals.
But the True Mammals not inclue only the -Modern Mammals- (Therian who inclue the Eutherian with the Placentals and the Metatherian with the Marsupials) and the Monotreme, but a lot of others diverses groups of others mammals with similars reproduction methods like the threes previous (either like placentals, marsupials or monotrme whitout being themselves members of one of these three groups) like the rodent like Multituberculates!
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Synapsid is a term who can be applied as for these creatures as on all mamals the Evolution itself has know, included us! Same for the Therapsid term (who is include in the Synapsida order.
But, it's true that is a term in general more use, by us the public but even by the scientist, for all the creatures outside the mammalia order!
But, for more precision and to avoid some mistakes or confusions, it is preferable to use the terms of -Stem-mammals- (like here in the title video, -Pre-Mammals-, -Proto-Mammals-, or, more often used -Mammalian Reptiles-.
Mammalian Reptiles is a term considered a little misleading and outdated, especially in the current Classical Systematic, but in reality alway as valid than ever, since all these creatures were and are reptiles but from another lineage than the one who regroup all the others reptiles.
When reptiles appears from amphibians (and more precisely from the reptilomorphs tetrapods ampibians, two different lineage of reptiles become separate: the Synapsid (all the creatures, orders, groups and famillies mention in this videos and the modern mammals) and the Sauropsids/Reptilia (who contain the Parareptilia -reptiles- group, named -next to the reptiles-, and include only the Anapsid with the Pareiasauridae mainly with some very mior families like (maybe since some recent reseach) the family of the Mesosaurus; and the Eureptilia reptiles group, named -true reptile-, with mainly the Diapsida and include all the others reptiles that, in general, came to our mid when we heard this word: the Archosauria/Archosauromorpha with Crocodiles, Dinosaurs/Birds and Pterosaurs, and the Lepidosauria/Lepidosauromorpha who include the Rhynchocephalia (Sphenodon/Tuatara's order) and all the Squamata reptiles with lizards, snakes, monitor lizards, turtles/tortoises, etc)!
Like with birds who evolved and descend from the dinosaurs (more precisely the Coelurosaurian ones with T-rex, Raptors, Oviraptors and dino-birds like Microraptor and directly from the Avialae clade with the Archeopteryx like most famous representative, and are themselves true dinosaurs, their only current representatives today, techniquely, following this and even veridic logic, all the mammals today and ourselves, humans, are reptiles too!
Because, by this crazy but true fact, our ancestors were reptiles who evolve to get all the mammalian caracteristics we have today (fur, sensitive organ, ears, the breasts/udders with milk, etc, it's important to give some tribute like this one!
They dominated all the Permian era (who was their Golden Age, we can call him the -Synapsid/Therapsid/Mammalian Reptiles Era- or the -Age of Synapsid/Therapsid/Mammalian Reptiles-) and a little the Triassic era but not as the dominant clade (that was the Archosauria one but almost only the Crocodiles with all their diverses terrestrials extincts representatives, the dinos being second place creatures, and we can call this era the -Croodiles Era- or the -Age of Crocodiles-, and become completely extinct at or before the beginning of the Jurassic period, where their only representatives was the true mammals.
But the True Mammals not inclue only the -Modern Mammals- (Therian who inclue the Eutherian with the Placentals and the Metatherian with the Marsupials) and the Monotreme, but a lot of others diverses groups of others mammals with similars reproduction methods like the threes previous (either like placentals, marsupials or monotrme whitout being themselves members of one of these three groups) like the rodent like Multituberculates!
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-Orbsian
How different synapsids look like.
Caseasauria: Lizards that ate too much big macs
Varanopidae: Upright monitor lizards
Opiacontidae: Big jawed lizards
Elahdphosauridae: Sailed overweight lizards
Sephenacodontidae: eladphosaurs but cooler
Biarmosuchia: A rather reptilian cross between a Lizard + dog
Dinocephaila: rip-off mammalian dinos
Anomodontia: A cross between a bird, hippo, and a plant-eating dinosaur
Gorgonopsia: The cross between a sabre-toothed cat and a lizard
Cynodontia: BASICALLY MAMMALS
Mammals: furry animals
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How different synapsids look like.
Caseasauria: Lizards that ate too much big macs
Varanopidae: Upright monitor lizards
Opiacontidae: Big jawed lizards
Elahdphosauridae: Sailed overweight lizards
Sephenacodontidae: eladphosaurs but cooler
Biarmosuchia: A rather reptilian cross between a Lizard + dog
Dinocephaila: rip-off mammalian dinos
Anomodontia: A cross between a bird, hippo, and a plant-eating dinosaur
Gorgonopsia: The cross between a sabre-toothed cat and a lizard
Cynodontia: BASICALLY MAMMALS
Mammals: furry animals
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-soldyrkare5790
Spectacular job with designing these ancient creatures as usual! I've always been fascinated by Synapsids and they deserve much more recognition than they have. There's so much more history and background to our planet than most people realize, in fact these animals are as old to the dinosaurs as dinosaurs are to us! And the fact that we as a species are capable of studying, perceiving and recovering data from relics that date so far back is honestly astounding.
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Spectacular job with designing these ancient creatures as usual! I've always been fascinated by Synapsids and they deserve much more recognition than they have. There's so much more history and background to our planet than most people realize, in fact these animals are as old to the dinosaurs as dinosaurs are to us! And the fact that we as a species are capable of studying, perceiving and recovering data from relics that date so far back is honestly astounding.
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-marcellus_h7930
The skull and skull-shape of the largest Anteosaurus's together with the estimated bite force it had has approached that of the smaller Trex's skulls and bite. Both had enormous boxy heads, with forward facing eyes and binocular vision.
Anteosaurus was the largest (obligatory) predator of the permian.
Jonkeria was supposed to be an omnivore, it had weaker bite however it had enormous shoulders and arms to pin down just about anything.
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The skull and skull-shape of the largest Anteosaurus's together with the estimated bite force it had has approached that of the smaller Trex's skulls and bite. Both had enormous boxy heads, with forward facing eyes and binocular vision.
Anteosaurus was the largest (obligatory) predator of the permian.
Jonkeria was supposed to be an omnivore, it had weaker bite however it had enormous shoulders and arms to pin down just about anything.
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-ahmaddalal6877
my own hybrid is could (ceraspindomenScorpiosraptoronomoth rex) hybrid between( T_Rex, indoraptor, Scorpios Rex, mammoth, Ceratopsia spinosaurus, DNA SSPEDIIDA) and can change color and has feathers like a velociraptor and the feathers are in the back and the head and the tail and red eyes and dark skin so can you put it in the next video please: .
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my own hybrid is could (ceraspindomenScorpiosraptoronomoth rex) hybrid between( T_Rex, indoraptor, Scorpios Rex, mammoth, Ceratopsia spinosaurus, DNA SSPEDIIDA) and can change color and has feathers like a velociraptor and the feathers are in the back and the head and the tail and red eyes and dark skin so can you put it in the next video please: .
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-dinohall2595
Am I the only one who loves cladograms (like the one at the start of the video? Something about seeing them just makes me so happy, even if I would already know the evolutionary relationships without one. Maybe that's just my compulsive need for things to be nicely organized lol.
Oh yeah, and stunning artwork as always from Mario Lanzas!
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Am I the only one who loves cladograms (like the one at the start of the video? Something about seeing them just makes me so happy, even if I would already know the evolutionary relationships without one. Maybe that's just my compulsive need for things to be nicely organized lol.
Oh yeah, and stunning artwork as always from Mario Lanzas!
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-MarioLanzas.
Synapsids video finally done! Don't forget to leave your comment, LIKE, share, all those things if you enjoy this content and want it to keep going! You can also consider joining the Membership for further support and get some advantages. Thank you all!
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Synapsids video finally done! Don't forget to leave your comment, LIKE, share, all those things if you enjoy this content and want it to keep going! You can also consider joining the Membership for further support and get some advantages. Thank you all!
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-Sam-for-Dyce
Thank you! Your depiction of the final specimen had me consider the idea of how nature loves to repeat its designs. If I could time travel, might an aerial view cause me to mistake a moving cluster of giant Lisowicia for a herd of lumbering elephants?
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Thank you! Your depiction of the final specimen had me consider the idea of how nature loves to repeat its designs. If I could time travel, might an aerial view cause me to mistake a moving cluster of giant Lisowicia for a herd of lumbering elephants?
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-ahmaddalal6877
the malusaurus is a hybrid between indominus rex and monolophosaurus and the DNA is spinoraptor DNA because the face looks like monolophosaurus
and the body is indominus rex and the back is spinoraptor
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the malusaurus is a hybrid between indominus rex and monolophosaurus and the DNA is spinoraptor DNA because the face looks like monolophosaurus
and the body is indominus rex and the back is spinoraptor
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-joelara4637
Quite interesting how saber teeth are a constant feature in the evolutionary history of Synapsids! -
From Biarmosuchia ( basal Therapsids ) to Machairodontinae/Thylacosmilidae ( Mammals True )
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Quite interesting how saber teeth are a constant feature in the evolutionary history of Synapsids! -
From Biarmosuchia ( basal Therapsids ) to Machairodontinae/Thylacosmilidae ( Mammals True )
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fun-facts
It-s a shame Permian era animals don-t get as much attention in media, it-s telling that the only things they-ve been featured in any mainstream capacity are Walking with Monsters & Primeval.
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It-s a shame Permian era animals don-t get as much attention in media, it-s telling that the only things they-ve been featured in any mainstream capacity are Walking with Monsters & Primeval.
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-catpoke9557
Paleozoic animals genuinely looked how people often draw alien species. It's so weird to think how the planet could've ended up with things just like this to this day, but didn't.
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Paleozoic animals genuinely looked how people often draw alien species. It's so weird to think how the planet could've ended up with things just like this to this day, but didn't.
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fun-facts
Hi there! Are you the owner of the drawings? If so, you are very talented and I cannot but compliment you for the effort. Do you allow their use in third-party videos/shorts?
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Hi there! Are you the owner of the drawings? If so, you are very talented and I cannot but compliment you for the effort. Do you allow their use in third-party videos/shorts?
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-martinuribe5444
Synapsids are such an underrated group, I also really like how you updated some of the synapsids that were shown in some of your previous videos. Good work.
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Synapsids are such an underrated group, I also really like how you updated some of the synapsids that were shown in some of your previous videos. Good work.
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fun-facts
Why do people keeping calling the Dimetrodon a dinosaur? Even as a kid, I learned that the Dimetrodon wasn-t a dinosaur or a reptile, but a mammal/synapsid.
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Why do people keeping calling the Dimetrodon a dinosaur? Even as a kid, I learned that the Dimetrodon wasn-t a dinosaur or a reptile, but a mammal/synapsid.
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-8tsunami7
Interesting - they never grew up to the same sizes as that of certain mammals. Inostrancevia does look like it would rout any lion, though.
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Interesting - they never grew up to the same sizes as that of certain mammals. Inostrancevia does look like it would rout any lion, though.
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-omegaprime9794
All the synapsids in the thumbnail look either really high or like they just told a really corny dad joke and AR waiting for a laugh
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All the synapsids in the thumbnail look either really high or like they just told a really corny dad joke and AR waiting for a laugh
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-Ardepark
In alternate universe, these animals would have been popularized more than dinosaurs and would populate our millennial childhood dreams.
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In alternate universe, these animals would have been popularized more than dinosaurs and would populate our millennial childhood dreams.
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-keithharper32
Love it. Especially because you showed some I have never heard of, so now I can go learn something new. Keep up the good work
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Love it. Especially because you showed some I have never heard of, so now I can go learn something new. Keep up the good work
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fun-facts
This video is one of my new favourite! I am sure, you could make an impressive one with the very diverse order of Proboscidea.
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This video is one of my new favourite! I am sure, you could make an impressive one with the very diverse order of Proboscidea.
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-fadlirobbia9000
Most of permian species are look much more like alien, permian is such a great era full of weird creature, underrated asf
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Most of permian species are look much more like alien, permian is such a great era full of weird creature, underrated asf
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-mucadsadiq6399
These animals are not reptiles, synapsids are more closely related to mammals than to the true reptiles, the sauropsids
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These animals are not reptiles, synapsids are more closely related to mammals than to the true reptiles, the sauropsids
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-joey2765
Didn-t realize how small Permian animals were. A lot of em wouldn-t even be able to take on majority of todays animal
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Didn-t realize how small Permian animals were. A lot of em wouldn-t even be able to take on majority of todays animal
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-BipedalCynodont
I nerded out so much at seeing that Mario Lanzas had reconstructions of Tiarajudens, Suminia, and Gorgonops!
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I nerded out so much at seeing that Mario Lanzas had reconstructions of Tiarajudens, Suminia, and Gorgonops!
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-rursus8354
Right! Two notes though: 1. why don't you walk following the music rhythm? 2. how long are you? 1. 70 m? 2. 00 m?
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Right! Two notes though: 1. why don't you walk following the music rhythm? 2. how long are you? 1. 70 m? 2. 00 m?
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-maria-melek
Oligokypus looks so adorable but perhaps it most likely wasn-t, perhaps that-s not how it actually looked like-
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Oligokypus looks so adorable but perhaps it most likely wasn-t, perhaps that-s not how it actually looked like-
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-thenewguyinred
I can-t help but to notice how many of these creatures have either really big heads or really small heads.
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I can-t help but to notice how many of these creatures have either really big heads or really small heads.
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-ahmaddalal6877
and another hiybrid is indoscorpirptimus rex hybrid between(indomenus rex, scorpios rex and indoraptor)
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and another hiybrid is indoscorpirptimus rex hybrid between(indomenus rex, scorpios rex and indoraptor)
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-Spinofaarus467
I believe that the synapsids may have laid eggs since platypuses & echidnas can also laid eggs too
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I believe that the synapsids may have laid eggs since platypuses & echidnas can also laid eggs too
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-ekosubandie2094
Lisowicia was arguably the closest thing we have to giant mammal living in the age of dinosaurs
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Lisowicia was arguably the closest thing we have to giant mammal living in the age of dinosaurs
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fun-facts
If the size comparison features some mammals does it mean that synapsids were the origin of mammals
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If the size comparison features some mammals does it mean that synapsids were the origin of mammals
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fun-facts
Hubiera querido ver a Cynognathus, Kannemeyeria, Lycaenops, Scuttosaurus y algun que otro mas.
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Hubiera querido ver a Cynognathus, Kannemeyeria, Lycaenops, Scuttosaurus y algun que otro mas.
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-bennieboi7114
Dude. No one wants to watch a inaudible video. If we wanted to read we would grab a book.
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Dude. No one wants to watch a inaudible video. If we wanted to read we would grab a book.
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-lenycardenas6591
The Ischigualastia looks like an armored alien, I like it and the Diictodon looks cute
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The Ischigualastia looks like an armored alien, I like it and the Diictodon looks cute
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