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zakruti.com » Auto & Vehicles » Scotty Kilmer
Horsepower vs Torque, Which is Better

Horsepower vs Torque, Which is Better

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Horsepower vs Torque, Which is Better John Barron: Horsepower is the ultimate determinant of vehicle straight-line acceleration performance. An engine torque figure alone is meaningless without knowing the rpm at which it produces that torque. Engine torque can be arbitrarily amplified at the driven wheels through gearing. That being said, there is a positive correlation between peak torque and peak horsepower numbers on production cars. In order to make big horsepower, you usually have to make big torque (exception Formula 1, liter bikes, etc) because engines can only rev so fast before balancing becomes an issue, valve float occurs, or piston speeds exceed the combustion flame front velocity. Formula 1 engines push these limits and produce the most horsepower per ft-lb of torque of just about any engine. This requires very high engine speeds, which also rapidly accelerates engine component wear and drastically reduces the service life of the engine. In terms of longevity, engines with relatively high torque compared to their horsepower are superior. These engines typically operate at slower rotational speeds and are used in applications requiring long service life and large load-moving capability, for example in semi-trucks, diesel-electric locomotives, and tractors. In these applications, the horsepower produced is of secondary importance to the service life and reliability.
Date: 2019-05-28

Comments and reviews: 9


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Oh my god. Anyone who doesnt understand what horsepower and torque are and just watched this will be so confused. Oh and just about everything he said is partially true but so skewed from his perspective on reality that it is pretty much useless. In a nutshell torque (as related to vehicles) is in fact a rotational force that is applied 1ft from the center of rotation. The horsepower is the amount of force applied over time. If Scotty was right then a vehicle with a diesel would tend to be faster than an equivalent vehicle with a gas engine. This simply is not true. It is a simple math calculation that if you look at it explains the interplay between these two measurements. I found this on the Internet and it explains it pretty well. Multiply the torque by the engine speed. You will be using the formula (RPM T) / 5252=HP, where RPM is the engine speed, T is the torque, and 5, 252 is radians per second. The first calculation you want to do is multiply the torque and the engine speed.
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Good simple explanation but there are more factors including gearing. An acceleration curve within a constant gear does mimic a torque curve, hence best acceleration is at the torque peak. And modern transmissions are very good at keeping an engine within the torque peak. But lower gearing is a torque multiplier. An engine with 1/2 the torque but twice lower gearing has the same torque at the wheel and same acceleration (at that point. An E92 M3 had only 295 torque but an 8500 RPM redline and 415 HP, hence once off the line, lower gearing gave it the same torque at the wheel and acceleration as a car with tons more torque. Also note a basic fact: SAE HP = T RPM / 5252, hence at 5252 RPM, HP = Torque. This also means any engine with redline 5252 has more torque than HP, and any engine with a higher RPM HP peak can have more HP than torque. Lastly, you need HP to overcome drag from air resistance at high speeds, hence higher HP does give you higher top speeds.
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The way you explained it is wrong. You said torque=acceleration, which is only partly true. If you take 2 cars, same weight same gearing ect. One petrol car has 250hp and 300nm revs to say 6000rpm ( totally made up) One diesel car has 150hp and 500nmRevs to say 3500rpm ( made up too) If they were to race, we damn well know the petrol would win overall down the track. So how the hell does torque=acceleration? Well it only partly doesThis is because when both cars accelerate from 0rpm on the start line, both cars have equal revs, but the diesel has more torque, hence more power, hence accelerates faster. ONLY when they have the same revs. Now, once the petrol car exceeds the revs of the diesel, its engine is spinning faster and doing more work, making more horsepower hence the car accelerates faster later on. So basically, torque is good for getting off the line, horsepower is good for higher speeds. Revs is the thing that determines horsepower.
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all well and good, but isnt the amount of torque and or horsepower at the wheels more dependent on the transmission and differential gearing than the power the engine makes? Save engine will have more torque at the wheels with low gear ratios, more speed with high gear ratios. Whether or not the engine has enough power to give you that top end thats possible according to the gearing, thats what youre talking about. Isnt that the reason so many companies are using small engines for mileage but using 8 or more gears? Theyre trying to get the best of both, but it seldom really works well. Isnt that also the idea behind CVT transmissions? The perfect ratio for whatever the situation? Nobody needs to go over 100mph on a motorcycle, or a car for that matter, they may want to, but they dont need to. Ive been up to 110 on a bike, and even on a very stable bike, thats scary. One that wasnt so stable scared me into backing off at 80 in second gear.
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Its not accurate to say that Torque is for Acceleration and HP is for Horsepower (as some are asking. A diesel has a high torque and low hp. It will have a high torque at low rpm. The acceleration will not drop much when a load is added, but its speed/acceleration will never be that high, even under lower loads, and even under higher RPM. A race car has low torque and high hp. It will have a lower peak torque, a lower torque at low rpm, but a consistently higher torque when RPMs increase. It may have a slower start off the line, but It can accelerate much faster in general, but only with much lighter loads. Start adding a load and it will never be able to climb the gears into the higher RPMs necessary to unlock its full power. HP is for racing. Torque is for hauling. Hence the expression: HP is how fast you hit the wall, Torque is how far you carry it.
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Unfortunately Scotty is quite wrong in this video. If you have two engines that generate identical torque, one generates that torque at twice the RPM of the other, this engine will develop double the power of the slow revving engine. That power then goes through a gearbox, because one engine is spinning at twice the speed of the other you are able to use double the gearing which will give you twice the torque at the same wheel speed as the slower engine, twice the torque at the wheel means twice the acceleration, twice the towing ability etc. Power is the ability to deliver torque at speed. A busa will leave a harley standing when it comes to accelerating, same with an F1 car, they both accelerate very fast due to their high horsepower (their ability to deliver torque at high RPM)
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Like the videos, but horse power isnt explained well here. Torque is the amount of power the engine delivers in one rotation. So at low rpm, high torque is desirable. Horsepower on the other end is torque x rpm. The tricky part is with engines, torque isnt consistent across rpm. So a car that makes 200 nm torque at low rpm could have 50hp, but at a higher horsepower, it could drop to 50nm, but still make 50hp. Essentially if you increase torque at a specific rpm, you gain horsepower at that rpm. Where as you maintain the same engine torque, but have it at a higher rpm, the torque is delivered more often, therefore increasing horsepower.
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I dont think this gave an accurate explanation. I know that horsepower is referring to the engines power. I, also, know what torque is. What I dont know is at what point- axles or the shaft between the engine and transmission- where the torque rating is measured. Im guessing that its a measure of the resistance (load measured in footpounds, that the engine is able to maintain its rpms against, at the engines output at a specified engine rpm. If at the axles, it would have to be their ability to maintain their rpms in a certain gear (probably 1st) at a specified engine rpm against the load. The engine output, right Scotty?
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