Automated Leak Detection solenoid explained
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Date: 2023-11-17
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Comments and reviews: 12
Sebastian
Theres a third method to detect leaks. That is, that a flowmeter will detect periods when water is not in use. Then the water will be shut off randomly (flowmeter is then used to ensure water is not being shut off while someone is using water so not someone's shower is interrupted. Then a pressure sensor is used to detect if the pressure is decreasing in the now closed water system. Even a small leak will give a great pressure decrease in the closed system as water is not compressible. In a healthy water system, the pressure should be able to be maintained with no water supply.
This is also great as if you have a system which periodically exercise the solenoid valve to make sure it doesn't get dirt buildup or gets stuck, you can also during these times, check for leaks.
Such a system can also be used to check for leaks during vacant periods. For example, you might connect a leak detector system to the burgular alarm panel, so when the burgular alarm panel is set to ARM, it will both exinguish the occupancy signal to both the AC system but also to the leak system. Leak system now responds with closing the water (as no water is needed during vacancy.
During the vacancy period, it can now check the pressure for a long time. When alarm is now set to DISARM, the water leak system can refuse to turn on the water, and raise a tamper alert, if pressure have dropped too much during the time the water was shut.
So if you want a superior leak detection system, you would have:
1: Flow detection to detect leaks.
2: Flow detection to detect non-usage of water + random shutting and measuring pressure during occupancy.
3: Water shutting during vacancy period combined with long-time pressure detection.
4: Localized moisture sensors to detect water at sensitive places.
If you want a even better leak detection system, install a flow meter at each water consumer (faucet, shower, washing machine, etc) in addition to the incoming flow meter and if all outgoing flow meters sum up to the incoming flow meter, all is fine. If not, then there is a leak.
Ergo:
5: Incoming/outgoing flow detection.
Here, if you have a smart system enough, you could refuse to permit the toilet flow meter and the hand wash basin flow meter, to measure any water if the lights in the bathroom is not turned on, but allow them to flow if they flowed while light was on, but once they stop flowing, no longer allow to start flow again.
In this way, theres a 6th method to detect leaks: If water is flowing in areas that are apparently not in use (based on ceiling light switch position.
Same with washing machine - if its not consuming any electrical power for a period of time, it shouldn't consume any water either.
6: Detect unauthorized local water usage based on local flow meters, combined with detecting if lights is on or washing machine is running etc.
reply
Theres a third method to detect leaks. That is, that a flowmeter will detect periods when water is not in use. Then the water will be shut off randomly (flowmeter is then used to ensure water is not being shut off while someone is using water so not someone's shower is interrupted. Then a pressure sensor is used to detect if the pressure is decreasing in the now closed water system. Even a small leak will give a great pressure decrease in the closed system as water is not compressible. In a healthy water system, the pressure should be able to be maintained with no water supply.
This is also great as if you have a system which periodically exercise the solenoid valve to make sure it doesn't get dirt buildup or gets stuck, you can also during these times, check for leaks.
Such a system can also be used to check for leaks during vacant periods. For example, you might connect a leak detector system to the burgular alarm panel, so when the burgular alarm panel is set to ARM, it will both exinguish the occupancy signal to both the AC system but also to the leak system. Leak system now responds with closing the water (as no water is needed during vacancy.
During the vacancy period, it can now check the pressure for a long time. When alarm is now set to DISARM, the water leak system can refuse to turn on the water, and raise a tamper alert, if pressure have dropped too much during the time the water was shut.
So if you want a superior leak detection system, you would have:
1: Flow detection to detect leaks.
2: Flow detection to detect non-usage of water + random shutting and measuring pressure during occupancy.
3: Water shutting during vacancy period combined with long-time pressure detection.
4: Localized moisture sensors to detect water at sensitive places.
If you want a even better leak detection system, install a flow meter at each water consumer (faucet, shower, washing machine, etc) in addition to the incoming flow meter and if all outgoing flow meters sum up to the incoming flow meter, all is fine. If not, then there is a leak.
Ergo:
5: Incoming/outgoing flow detection.
Here, if you have a smart system enough, you could refuse to permit the toilet flow meter and the hand wash basin flow meter, to measure any water if the lights in the bathroom is not turned on, but allow them to flow if they flowed while light was on, but once they stop flowing, no longer allow to start flow again.
In this way, theres a 6th method to detect leaks: If water is flowing in areas that are apparently not in use (based on ceiling light switch position.
Same with washing machine - if its not consuming any electrical power for a period of time, it shouldn't consume any water either.
6: Detect unauthorized local water usage based on local flow meters, combined with detecting if lights is on or washing machine is running etc.
reply
YK
One easy way to determine an extremely low leak (one drop every 10 seconds, is to install a pressure gauge down stream of a test shut off valve. The simplest way is to make use of the house main valve (assume it can shut off flow completely. Flush all possible trap air in the home pipe lines then shut off the main valve to watch the meter reading changes. If no change in 10-30 minutes there is no leak. The down side to this method is it cant isolate the trouble spot if there is a leak, unless we are willing to install additional down stream shut off valve and pressure gauge for each suspect branch.
For new home before dry walls are added we can use compressed air in the pipe line and apply soapy water at each junction or suspect spots. That is not feasible for lived in and furnished homes.
Larger leaks can be detected with an IR scanning camera looking for temperature gradient at suspect spots. To make image more sensitive use a fan to let water of a wet spot vaporize more to a more acute gradient.
Hope this helps.
reply
One easy way to determine an extremely low leak (one drop every 10 seconds, is to install a pressure gauge down stream of a test shut off valve. The simplest way is to make use of the house main valve (assume it can shut off flow completely. Flush all possible trap air in the home pipe lines then shut off the main valve to watch the meter reading changes. If no change in 10-30 minutes there is no leak. The down side to this method is it cant isolate the trouble spot if there is a leak, unless we are willing to install additional down stream shut off valve and pressure gauge for each suspect branch.
For new home before dry walls are added we can use compressed air in the pipe line and apply soapy water at each junction or suspect spots. That is not feasible for lived in and furnished homes.
Larger leaks can be detected with an IR scanning camera looking for temperature gradient at suspect spots. To make image more sensitive use a fan to let water of a wet spot vaporize more to a more acute gradient.
Hope this helps.
reply
Ion
In a rural area i cannot rely on electricity such a strategic role. 2. The valve once closed should remain closed even without curent until it's opened manually or by a button on the controller, b)should remain closed even if the sensor dosent read anymore the leak, c)repetitive disconnection and reconection of the water or electricity should not reset or affect the state of the system.
reply
In a rural area i cannot rely on electricity such a strategic role. 2. The valve once closed should remain closed even without curent until it's opened manually or by a button on the controller, b)should remain closed even if the sensor dosent read anymore the leak, c)repetitive disconnection and reconection of the water or electricity should not reset or affect the state of the system.
reply
Ikeh
Very interesting.
I would appreciate if you model all these in a mathematical form. I want to transform it to Laplace transform, find the error (desire flow - actual flow) of the system from the system input and the sensor reading.
My intention is to find the controller that will control the system optimally. Linear quadratic Regulator LQR.
reply
Very interesting.
I would appreciate if you model all these in a mathematical form. I want to transform it to Laplace transform, find the error (desire flow - actual flow) of the system from the system input and the sensor reading.
My intention is to find the controller that will control the system optimally. Linear quadratic Regulator LQR.
reply
Andrea
This is a very interesting system and a very good video. I would only invert the logic of the solenoid valve to make the system fail safe e. g. use a normally closed solenoid that requires power to open. In this case if the power is lost, or the cable is damaged, or the controller is powered off, then the solenoid valve will close.
reply
This is a very interesting system and a very good video. I would only invert the logic of the solenoid valve to make the system fail safe e. g. use a normally closed solenoid that requires power to open. In this case if the power is lost, or the cable is damaged, or the controller is powered off, then the solenoid valve will close.
reply
The
It would be a good point to make in either or both your videos about solenoids that they they can be Normally Open type (aka N/O, such as here, to STOP a flow when electrically energised) or Normally Closed (aka N/C, to ALLOW a flow when electrically energised, that way they don't draw current all the time. I love solenoids!
reply
It would be a good point to make in either or both your videos about solenoids that they they can be Normally Open type (aka N/O, such as here, to STOP a flow when electrically energised) or Normally Closed (aka N/C, to ALLOW a flow when electrically energised, that way they don't draw current all the time. I love solenoids!
reply
Ajinkya
conducting wires or tracks or probes decay over time due to the electrochemical reaction caused. This results in the reduction of conducting surface over time since one of the electrode is constantly corroded.
the ultrasonic or leak detection based on the hall effect flow sensor makes more sense.
reply
conducting wires or tracks or probes decay over time due to the electrochemical reaction caused. This results in the reduction of conducting surface over time since one of the electrode is constantly corroded.
the ultrasonic or leak detection based on the hall effect flow sensor makes more sense.
reply
Balkans
Hi guys does anyone know a good book that explains how machinerys and equipment work in a site, like cooling towers, chillers, ahu, pdu, ups etc. I am a mechanical engineer and I want to learn how all machinerys and equipment work and their components
reply
Hi guys does anyone know a good book that explains how machinerys and equipment work in a site, like cooling towers, chillers, ahu, pdu, ups etc. I am a mechanical engineer and I want to learn how all machinerys and equipment work and their components
reply
Rajh
Excellent explanation for the ultrasonic flow sensor. I wish you would make a separate video entirely based on ultrasonic flow sensor, better yet how to design and implement one from scratch. With math and formulas.
reply
Excellent explanation for the ultrasonic flow sensor. I wish you would make a separate video entirely based on ultrasonic flow sensor, better yet how to design and implement one from scratch. With math and formulas.
reply
Alin
To be able to gain my License after graduate my University I had to do a project. This is exactly what I was build up during my license period! Very glad to see this video!
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To be able to gain my License after graduate my University I had to do a project. This is exactly what I was build up during my license period! Very glad to see this video!
reply
Ariel
I'm interested how mq hazardous gas sensors work. I have a mq9 arduino sensor and it has a internal heater which need 24 hours to actually warm up.
reply
I'm interested how mq hazardous gas sensors work. I have a mq9 arduino sensor and it has a internal heater which need 24 hours to actually warm up.
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education
I don't like diaphrams, because they always look like weakpoint to me. A piston with a rubber seal seems much more reliable.
reply
I don't like diaphrams, because they always look like weakpoint to me. A piston with a rubber seal seems much more reliable.
reply
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