Should Cities be Circles
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Date: 2024-02-29
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Comments and reviews: 19
jezusbloodie
I've been saying to international students lost here in my home city that it is just a bunch of wonky concentric cirlces For a while. Enschede, with 162k inhabitants, is the 16th most populous Dutch municipality and the largest city in an international urban agglomoration of over 400k. The old town' city centre is a ringed by road and from it radiates outwards eight main roads, which are intersected by a large ringroad (the Singel, named after dutch canals that circle towns which did exist here around the old medieval town) and further out by a partial ring road (the round way) that doesn't quite connect in the north. This came to be after the loss of the Southern Netherlands and the textile industry relocating to this small medieval town. Enschede grew rapidly from a small medieval town(ship) to the Manchester of the Netherlands. It rapidly expanded post-war again, and is still currently expanading at a slower rate. It is surrounded by ring of greenery, from high heather, moors, forests and the famed bocage landscape (meadows and fields fenced of with thin bands of forest. The city sits on the western flank of a
Five main rail roads radiated outward too, 2 of which converted to main road ways and one to a main tram line, later main bus/bike road. A number of car roads converted to bike roads radiate to the suburbs and beyond too (the city is one of the most spread out in area cities of the netherlands. A bike highway to the next city over is being build currently next to one the existing railroads, while soon the other existing railroad to germany will be moved underground (and electrified and doubled in tracks) Unfortunatly we have probably permanently lost the Enschede tramlines.
The city deindustrilised rapidly, partly with the thorough help of Allied bombers (who thought they were over Nazi Germany as they navigated by the night-lights of the cities) and most massive factory complexes are gone now, but the radial pattern and circular road still influence the fabric of the city. The city, even tho marketing as The Bicycle City of the Netherlands, is massivly car, especially as it is a shopping haven and tourist destination to a large densily populated german hinterland. The rebuilding of th ecity happened also during the car craze. As such which was for a while the largest underground parking facility in western europe existed underneath the eastern part of the city center. To alliviate the car congestion around the city center nowadays, some parts of the inner most ring road have been partially made porous to bycicles but not cars, and converted to roads that favour the cyclists over motorised vehicles. The current mission of the municipality's infrastructure board is to redirect as much motorised trafic that until recently could and would go through the inner ring road over to the second ring road.
Even the large Twente canal, during the 1930s dug accross a fifth of the width of Netherlands terminating in this city, neatly conforms to the radiating pattern. Enschede isn't like the other dutch cities of water, without a large body of water, but it never the less is: it is a city of springs where numerous small streams originate as it sits on a hill ridge ontop of elevations comparable to the German side over the Dutch side. Ground water from Germany first rises and than drops further, resulting in many creeks flowing through the rather poorly fertile sand soils of the hill ridge. To compansate the poor quality of the soil, the landscape is dotted with constructed hills made by layering organic material from the heather and moors uphill and the heaps from the marches at the rivervalley, a so called 'es' or 'esch' the tallest in the world of which at the south of Enschede
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I've been saying to international students lost here in my home city that it is just a bunch of wonky concentric cirlces For a while. Enschede, with 162k inhabitants, is the 16th most populous Dutch municipality and the largest city in an international urban agglomoration of over 400k. The old town' city centre is a ringed by road and from it radiates outwards eight main roads, which are intersected by a large ringroad (the Singel, named after dutch canals that circle towns which did exist here around the old medieval town) and further out by a partial ring road (the round way) that doesn't quite connect in the north. This came to be after the loss of the Southern Netherlands and the textile industry relocating to this small medieval town. Enschede grew rapidly from a small medieval town(ship) to the Manchester of the Netherlands. It rapidly expanded post-war again, and is still currently expanading at a slower rate. It is surrounded by ring of greenery, from high heather, moors, forests and the famed bocage landscape (meadows and fields fenced of with thin bands of forest. The city sits on the western flank of a
Five main rail roads radiated outward too, 2 of which converted to main road ways and one to a main tram line, later main bus/bike road. A number of car roads converted to bike roads radiate to the suburbs and beyond too (the city is one of the most spread out in area cities of the netherlands. A bike highway to the next city over is being build currently next to one the existing railroads, while soon the other existing railroad to germany will be moved underground (and electrified and doubled in tracks) Unfortunatly we have probably permanently lost the Enschede tramlines.
The city deindustrilised rapidly, partly with the thorough help of Allied bombers (who thought they were over Nazi Germany as they navigated by the night-lights of the cities) and most massive factory complexes are gone now, but the radial pattern and circular road still influence the fabric of the city. The city, even tho marketing as The Bicycle City of the Netherlands, is massivly car, especially as it is a shopping haven and tourist destination to a large densily populated german hinterland. The rebuilding of th ecity happened also during the car craze. As such which was for a while the largest underground parking facility in western europe existed underneath the eastern part of the city center. To alliviate the car congestion around the city center nowadays, some parts of the inner most ring road have been partially made porous to bycicles but not cars, and converted to roads that favour the cyclists over motorised vehicles. The current mission of the municipality's infrastructure board is to redirect as much motorised trafic that until recently could and would go through the inner ring road over to the second ring road.
Even the large Twente canal, during the 1930s dug accross a fifth of the width of Netherlands terminating in this city, neatly conforms to the radiating pattern. Enschede isn't like the other dutch cities of water, without a large body of water, but it never the less is: it is a city of springs where numerous small streams originate as it sits on a hill ridge ontop of elevations comparable to the German side over the Dutch side. Ground water from Germany first rises and than drops further, resulting in many creeks flowing through the rather poorly fertile sand soils of the hill ridge. To compansate the poor quality of the soil, the landscape is dotted with constructed hills made by layering organic material from the heather and moors uphill and the heaps from the marches at the rivervalley, a so called 'es' or 'esch' the tallest in the world of which at the south of Enschede
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sicko_the_ew
How about four well-separated parallel lines making a kind of square circle where the entire built environment is down the lines, and there's no grid - at least not an automotive one
This could give you your own private garden only five minutes from your hutch with a view. Or similar time separation from a public garden. Or the option of avoiding the outdoors for a few cold months by sticking to streets on the mod 6 floors - which would put you two minutes away from the nearest shop (just need to run, that's all.
If you packed everyone in tightly enough (I exaggerate because it amuses me to do so) you'd be able to to deliver and cart away every necessity of every home by delivery corridors (with nice exposed pipes, where you can immediately see if they've developed a leak just by looking at them. Most meals could come in hot trays via the delivery system.
You'd probably need some kind of interim supermarkets until that aspect of life settled down, but for a lot of things you'd just do a preparation included version of online shopping with door to door delivery. One of the nice things about this is that e. g. your milk would come to you in milk bottles (or glasses, depending) again. Less junk to trash. Your meals could come on ceramic plates that go back down the chute to be washed. They could even come on your very own plates if the automated remote storage facilities got good enough in time. So you'd choose your exact own favourite helping of creamed spinach and cloves with a side helping of halibut lightly burnt the way you like it, and this would be dished up onto your own plate of your choosing. Maybe late Granny's crockery set today.
With the sardine-like packing of the victims of the conspiracy, you'd be able to configure your life in a more flexible way than you can when the food is always rotting away in the fridge until you junk it again, the meal is always served on the dining room table that spends the rest of the day getting in the way, and you eat what the local shops have in stock, probably in boxes cooked a few months ago in some factory. You buy fresh veg maybe once a week, and then consume it in progressive states of staleness until you junk half of it in a months time when you notice the black sticky stuff growing on it. Yes, you could go to the shops every single day, but that's a pain.
The mice sometimes come in to share the food with you. Sometimes it clogs your sink. Don't look down the pipe, it'll put you off the next meal.
You could arrange for there to be no built in taken as a given kitchen (kind of like the Japanese almost do.
You could book a barbecue place if the city kept enough green space, instead of putting up something interesting there. :D Have the meat delivered. Have the hot coals delivered. Just turn up on time to burn everything, that's all.
Yes you could have a car, but it would have to live on the outskirts where it doesn't stink thinks up too much, or kill too many of the children playing on the paths you'd have to get around between blocks. Inside the city you'd just catch. your hover board. I mean what else
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How about four well-separated parallel lines making a kind of square circle where the entire built environment is down the lines, and there's no grid - at least not an automotive one
This could give you your own private garden only five minutes from your hutch with a view. Or similar time separation from a public garden. Or the option of avoiding the outdoors for a few cold months by sticking to streets on the mod 6 floors - which would put you two minutes away from the nearest shop (just need to run, that's all.
If you packed everyone in tightly enough (I exaggerate because it amuses me to do so) you'd be able to to deliver and cart away every necessity of every home by delivery corridors (with nice exposed pipes, where you can immediately see if they've developed a leak just by looking at them. Most meals could come in hot trays via the delivery system.
You'd probably need some kind of interim supermarkets until that aspect of life settled down, but for a lot of things you'd just do a preparation included version of online shopping with door to door delivery. One of the nice things about this is that e. g. your milk would come to you in milk bottles (or glasses, depending) again. Less junk to trash. Your meals could come on ceramic plates that go back down the chute to be washed. They could even come on your very own plates if the automated remote storage facilities got good enough in time. So you'd choose your exact own favourite helping of creamed spinach and cloves with a side helping of halibut lightly burnt the way you like it, and this would be dished up onto your own plate of your choosing. Maybe late Granny's crockery set today.
With the sardine-like packing of the victims of the conspiracy, you'd be able to configure your life in a more flexible way than you can when the food is always rotting away in the fridge until you junk it again, the meal is always served on the dining room table that spends the rest of the day getting in the way, and you eat what the local shops have in stock, probably in boxes cooked a few months ago in some factory. You buy fresh veg maybe once a week, and then consume it in progressive states of staleness until you junk half of it in a months time when you notice the black sticky stuff growing on it. Yes, you could go to the shops every single day, but that's a pain.
The mice sometimes come in to share the food with you. Sometimes it clogs your sink. Don't look down the pipe, it'll put you off the next meal.
You could arrange for there to be no built in taken as a given kitchen (kind of like the Japanese almost do.
You could book a barbecue place if the city kept enough green space, instead of putting up something interesting there. :D Have the meat delivered. Have the hot coals delivered. Just turn up on time to burn everything, that's all.
Yes you could have a car, but it would have to live on the outskirts where it doesn't stink thinks up too much, or kill too many of the children playing on the paths you'd have to get around between blocks. Inside the city you'd just catch. your hover board. I mean what else
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WifeWantsAWizard
Here are four reasons why circle cities are bad:
1) Let's say you're going to 409 Circle A Street. You take a radial to Circle A Street. To your left is a convenience store at 1 Circle A Street and to your right is a gas station at 511 Circle A Street. Which way is the fastest way to 409 Seems easy, right It's just basic math. But let's say you're one radial over. You're now between 501 Circle A Street and 499 Circle A Street and you're trying to get to 56. The correct direction is, ironically, toward the higher number because there's only one more block until Circle A starts again at 1. Unless you knew that in advance by keeping a roster in your head for each circle-street, you can never know for sure which direction to head for the shortest path.
2) Let's say you're building not just one building but a whole neighborhood. Generally speaking, developers have 3-4 blueprints they replicate over and over to make a full neighborhood. But. if the grid is a circle, Blueprint A being built at the 90-degree mark will have a completely different heat gain than the same building built at the 0-degree mark. This is because if the left side of the building (looking at the front door) has windows, then the 0-degree version of the building will get a ton of extra heat from the setting sun that the 90-degree building would not. Heat gain seems like a small thing, but it's one of many nuances that would be adversely affected by a circular plan.
3) Curved pipes fail more often and curved wires burn out more often.
4) If everything is a grid, the cement blocks you lay down to make a pavement are all squares and can be mass produced in advance. If you're using a circular layout, the cement blocks (now trapezoids) required for each ring would have a completely different shape from the other rings. So five ring-streets would require five completely different trapezoids. Imagine if you had to make a) 800 trapezoids of 85-85-105-105 and then 1600 trapezoids of 86-86-104-104 instead of b) 2400 perfect 90-90-90-90 blocks. You'd be pretty annoyed.
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Here are four reasons why circle cities are bad:
1) Let's say you're going to 409 Circle A Street. You take a radial to Circle A Street. To your left is a convenience store at 1 Circle A Street and to your right is a gas station at 511 Circle A Street. Which way is the fastest way to 409 Seems easy, right It's just basic math. But let's say you're one radial over. You're now between 501 Circle A Street and 499 Circle A Street and you're trying to get to 56. The correct direction is, ironically, toward the higher number because there's only one more block until Circle A starts again at 1. Unless you knew that in advance by keeping a roster in your head for each circle-street, you can never know for sure which direction to head for the shortest path.
2) Let's say you're building not just one building but a whole neighborhood. Generally speaking, developers have 3-4 blueprints they replicate over and over to make a full neighborhood. But. if the grid is a circle, Blueprint A being built at the 90-degree mark will have a completely different heat gain than the same building built at the 0-degree mark. This is because if the left side of the building (looking at the front door) has windows, then the 0-degree version of the building will get a ton of extra heat from the setting sun that the 90-degree building would not. Heat gain seems like a small thing, but it's one of many nuances that would be adversely affected by a circular plan.
3) Curved pipes fail more often and curved wires burn out more often.
4) If everything is a grid, the cement blocks you lay down to make a pavement are all squares and can be mass produced in advance. If you're using a circular layout, the cement blocks (now trapezoids) required for each ring would have a completely different shape from the other rings. So five ring-streets would require five completely different trapezoids. Imagine if you had to make a) 800 trapezoids of 85-85-105-105 and then 1600 trapezoids of 86-86-104-104 instead of b) 2400 perfect 90-90-90-90 blocks. You'd be pretty annoyed.
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Moumentos
I envision a districts hub city. There’s a flat empty land around 30 minutes by train from 2 major cities where I am from (assuming if a train line is built.
Just like in Howard’s wedge diagram, the central area remains unchanged except for the garden made larger and the central parks made smaller and more connected.
Instead of housing units, that wedge is allocated a certain activity, for example Medicine (but also engineering, financial, cultural, then universities, hospitals, research centres and private medical businesses can establish their operations there. The boulevard as well as the major avenues like first and fifth will be for bicycles and trams while the rest of the avenues are parkways for bicycles and pedestrians. Beyond first avenue, the wedges can be expanded following the same template. The schools, although mostly similar to regular schools will basically prepare the students for a career in whatever field the wedge specialises in and facilitates field trips and mentorship opportunities.
In theory, the grand avenues should promote collaboration between people and organisations working in the same fields while the garden and municipal districts should promote collaboration across fields.
The city is not designed for cars (although I love cars) and is meant to be commuted to due to the relatively close distance to the major cities. I suspect however, if successful, then more contemporary urbanisations will pop up outside the city to fill in a demand for housing. Maybe now going to far but the urbanisations could completely bridge the gap between the two major city and circleVille, blowing the lines off where one ends and the other begins - a boomerang shaped city.
Note: there will be the complication of where the high speed tracks and train station go and how that affects the future expand of the city. Underground central, north and south stations. Yes it’s expensive but it’s the best solution and foundations like sewers have to be created anyways and economies of scale might help a bit
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I envision a districts hub city. There’s a flat empty land around 30 minutes by train from 2 major cities where I am from (assuming if a train line is built.
Just like in Howard’s wedge diagram, the central area remains unchanged except for the garden made larger and the central parks made smaller and more connected.
Instead of housing units, that wedge is allocated a certain activity, for example Medicine (but also engineering, financial, cultural, then universities, hospitals, research centres and private medical businesses can establish their operations there. The boulevard as well as the major avenues like first and fifth will be for bicycles and trams while the rest of the avenues are parkways for bicycles and pedestrians. Beyond first avenue, the wedges can be expanded following the same template. The schools, although mostly similar to regular schools will basically prepare the students for a career in whatever field the wedge specialises in and facilitates field trips and mentorship opportunities.
In theory, the grand avenues should promote collaboration between people and organisations working in the same fields while the garden and municipal districts should promote collaboration across fields.
The city is not designed for cars (although I love cars) and is meant to be commuted to due to the relatively close distance to the major cities. I suspect however, if successful, then more contemporary urbanisations will pop up outside the city to fill in a demand for housing. Maybe now going to far but the urbanisations could completely bridge the gap between the two major city and circleVille, blowing the lines off where one ends and the other begins - a boomerang shaped city.
Note: there will be the complication of where the high speed tracks and train station go and how that affects the future expand of the city. Underground central, north and south stations. Yes it’s expensive but it’s the best solution and foundations like sewers have to be created anyways and economies of scale might help a bit
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autarchprinceps
Most cities in Europe are circular on a slightly larger level, and instead of one massive interchange in the middle, that is where a car free shopping zone usually is. It's not usually entirely neat, but the concepts remain the same, whether you put a few bumps in the circle to adapt to hills, rivers and bigger buildings, or you make it geometricly perfect.
Square grid is by far the worst layout, as you are constantly on a potentially major crossing, if they are all the same. Don't get me wrong, we still have them, even the strong grid ones, mostly build in the baroque. Everyone I've lived in was annoying and slow to drive in. But more likely you will have more rectangular grid shaped smaller areas, but more circular structures on a large level to facilitate the major routes. That and roundabouts of course, which the US for some reason doesn't seem to understand.
Cul-de-sac like structures are more common in less dense parts of the city, while the most dense will also feature limitations for cars and lots of paths for bikes and walking only, not cars, that may effectively work a bit more like that, than grids.
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Most cities in Europe are circular on a slightly larger level, and instead of one massive interchange in the middle, that is where a car free shopping zone usually is. It's not usually entirely neat, but the concepts remain the same, whether you put a few bumps in the circle to adapt to hills, rivers and bigger buildings, or you make it geometricly perfect.
Square grid is by far the worst layout, as you are constantly on a potentially major crossing, if they are all the same. Don't get me wrong, we still have them, even the strong grid ones, mostly build in the baroque. Everyone I've lived in was annoying and slow to drive in. But more likely you will have more rectangular grid shaped smaller areas, but more circular structures on a large level to facilitate the major routes. That and roundabouts of course, which the US for some reason doesn't seem to understand.
Cul-de-sac like structures are more common in less dense parts of the city, while the most dense will also feature limitations for cars and lots of paths for bikes and walking only, not cars, that may effectively work a bit more like that, than grids.
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city_beautiful
My ideal city design would be malls! The first floor is all stores that are open 24 hours. In addition to entertainment, they also have a grocery store and other necessities anyone can access like a police/fire department, doctors offices, hotels etc. The upper floors can only be accessed by people who live there and include apartments and services like schools, private green spaces for residents only, etc. Then below the first floor is a mass transit system, with some taking people to the nearest malls and others to far more distant malls. To go to work people could simply walk downstairs. To grocery shop, you take your personal shopping cart downstairs. No need for any transit other than the rails that connect the various malls. There would also be factories that surround malls, but also the malls surround factories. They all connect for people who work there. You could work at a much farther away place but would have a lot of stops at other factories or malls along the way if you take the mass transit system.
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My ideal city design would be malls! The first floor is all stores that are open 24 hours. In addition to entertainment, they also have a grocery store and other necessities anyone can access like a police/fire department, doctors offices, hotels etc. The upper floors can only be accessed by people who live there and include apartments and services like schools, private green spaces for residents only, etc. Then below the first floor is a mass transit system, with some taking people to the nearest malls and others to far more distant malls. To go to work people could simply walk downstairs. To grocery shop, you take your personal shopping cart downstairs. No need for any transit other than the rails that connect the various malls. There would also be factories that surround malls, but also the malls surround factories. They all connect for people who work there. You could work at a much farther away place but would have a lot of stops at other factories or malls along the way if you take the mass transit system.
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Pystro
The one disadvantage I see with circular cities is that all radial streets merge at a single point. If you wanted to cause the worst traffic possible (and then claim how great your circumferential roads are for solving that, that's how you'd do it. Also, the circumferential roads linking two radial roads get the shorter the further in they are, which naturally funnels traffic that wants to travel radial and circumferential to do their circumferential section on the inner most circumferential roads.
The big assumption that causes this is everyone wants to go to the exact center. If that's true for all or most of the traffic, then yes, radial streets are the way to go.
That model thus pretty much always makes sense for public transit, where interchanging at the central node(s) is how you get anywhere fast.
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The one disadvantage I see with circular cities is that all radial streets merge at a single point. If you wanted to cause the worst traffic possible (and then claim how great your circumferential roads are for solving that, that's how you'd do it. Also, the circumferential roads linking two radial roads get the shorter the further in they are, which naturally funnels traffic that wants to travel radial and circumferential to do their circumferential section on the inner most circumferential roads.
The big assumption that causes this is everyone wants to go to the exact center. If that's true for all or most of the traffic, then yes, radial streets are the way to go.
That model thus pretty much always makes sense for public transit, where interchanging at the central node(s) is how you get anywhere fast.
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chinook9785
I have not yet watched the video. If the only condition for cities is, that they want to minimize the average distance between all two randomly chosen points a circle would be the best option. The problem is that naturally grown cities aren't circles, they are circularish but I think we need a second criteria. One that I would suggest is that while keeping the first criteria als want to maximize the length of the border between city and land. I have no idea why cities would need that, but this criteria could explain the fractal like nature of naturally grown cities. I hope this video can sufficiently explain the fractal circular form of cities. I'm excited to watch it.
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I have not yet watched the video. If the only condition for cities is, that they want to minimize the average distance between all two randomly chosen points a circle would be the best option. The problem is that naturally grown cities aren't circles, they are circularish but I think we need a second criteria. One that I would suggest is that while keeping the first criteria als want to maximize the length of the border between city and land. I have no idea why cities would need that, but this criteria could explain the fractal like nature of naturally grown cities. I hope this video can sufficiently explain the fractal circular form of cities. I'm excited to watch it.
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relacionomia
I'm from Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais/Brazil, and the hypercenter (the equivalent to CBD) is a big circular avenue, but that's all. EVERYTHING inside this circle is a grid (that are mostly 3 or 4 lanes long and all of them with speed limit of 60km/h - which is crazy. Not crazy enough but there are PLENTY of traffic lights. Every 3 quarters mostly. The obvious conclusion is that inside hypercenter is really slow to go by car. Buses also technically have one lane only for them, but only in the avenue that splits the circular avenue)
Yes, Brazil kinda copied the american urbanism - but not so bad. There's almost NO cul de sac here, happily
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I'm from Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais/Brazil, and the hypercenter (the equivalent to CBD) is a big circular avenue, but that's all. EVERYTHING inside this circle is a grid (that are mostly 3 or 4 lanes long and all of them with speed limit of 60km/h - which is crazy. Not crazy enough but there are PLENTY of traffic lights. Every 3 quarters mostly. The obvious conclusion is that inside hypercenter is really slow to go by car. Buses also technically have one lane only for them, but only in the avenue that splits the circular avenue)
Yes, Brazil kinda copied the american urbanism - but not so bad. There's almost NO cul de sac here, happily
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bentz98125
The first time I heard of a circular city plan was a documentary about the supposedly original suburb at the time somewhere close to NYC. Haven't been able to find out anything about it or even the documentary, since. But the idea was to orient what we consider the fronts of houses toward what we consider backyards all of which butted up against greenbelts radiating out from the central hub which is a park. Vehicular access to houses is concealed at the backs of houses through narrow streets many of which are subterranean. Why has this configuration never caught on Because we build for cars, not people.
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The first time I heard of a circular city plan was a documentary about the supposedly original suburb at the time somewhere close to NYC. Haven't been able to find out anything about it or even the documentary, since. But the idea was to orient what we consider the fronts of houses toward what we consider backyards all of which butted up against greenbelts radiating out from the central hub which is a park. Vehicular access to houses is concealed at the backs of houses through narrow streets many of which are subterranean. Why has this configuration never caught on Because we build for cars, not people.
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bc4198
No. Beltlines in places like Madison are ANNOYING to live in. Driving, especially, is super overwhelming, because you're constantly turning, constantly changing direction, and you have so little chance to stop if they are one-way.
Go straight two blocks, turn left, go four blocks. is way easier than what - travel 12 radians in an easterly direction.
I would be willing to consider some diagonals, creating sort of macro-hexagons on the grid. And the polycentric model could be interesting for molecule-style transit networks or walkable community nodes.
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No. Beltlines in places like Madison are ANNOYING to live in. Driving, especially, is super overwhelming, because you're constantly turning, constantly changing direction, and you have so little chance to stop if they are one-way.
Go straight two blocks, turn left, go four blocks. is way easier than what - travel 12 radians in an easterly direction.
I would be willing to consider some diagonals, creating sort of macro-hexagons on the grid. And the polycentric model could be interesting for molecule-style transit networks or walkable community nodes.
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KJSvitko
Cities need to be designed or modified to accommodate people not cars.
Walking, running, bicycles, escooters, green open spaces, electric buses, electric commuter trains and trams are all parts of a good transportation system. Speak up for improved transportation options in your city. Every train station needs safe, protected places to park and lock bicycles. Children and older adults should be able to ride bicycles to work, school or for fun safely. Stay active for as long as you can. There should be more options than getting into a car.
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Cities need to be designed or modified to accommodate people not cars.
Walking, running, bicycles, escooters, green open spaces, electric buses, electric commuter trains and trams are all parts of a good transportation system. Speak up for improved transportation options in your city. Every train station needs safe, protected places to park and lock bicycles. Children and older adults should be able to ride bicycles to work, school or for fun safely. Stay active for as long as you can. There should be more options than getting into a car.
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arunkottolli
Circle cities has wasted spaces, while square/rectangle cities are more efficient in space utilisation. Ideally one should allow organic city development with no zoning laws. Allow people to build mixed use buildings - residential & commercial in the same building. Allow people to build multi family housing if they want to. After all they own the land.
Zoning rules must define the roads, parks and other public spaces.
Perfectly designed cities will be organic and will grow along the contours of the land.
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Circle cities has wasted spaces, while square/rectangle cities are more efficient in space utilisation. Ideally one should allow organic city development with no zoning laws. Allow people to build mixed use buildings - residential & commercial in the same building. Allow people to build multi family housing if they want to. After all they own the land.
Zoning rules must define the roads, parks and other public spaces.
Perfectly designed cities will be organic and will grow along the contours of the land.
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Usuario-wr2kw
Grid cities are the best because they make building (designing) everything easier and cheaper, it also allows for the highest density wich can easily be adjusted by changing the size and shape of the grid, the only problem with them is that going on a straight line makes you not pay attention but it can be solved by adding speed bumps or raised intersections. The problem is that grids are usually made on newer cities (because of how good it is)with cars in mind otherwise its not any worse than any other layout
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Grid cities are the best because they make building (designing) everything easier and cheaper, it also allows for the highest density wich can easily be adjusted by changing the size and shape of the grid, the only problem with them is that going on a straight line makes you not pay attention but it can be solved by adding speed bumps or raised intersections. The problem is that grids are usually made on newer cities (because of how good it is)with cars in mind otherwise its not any worse than any other layout
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AaqibSharif
Faisalabad (former name Layllpur, established in 1880) was designed by Britain in circular city but incorporating union jack from British flag where the centre was a clock tower, that could be viewed from all places of new city. the footing of the circular city was actually incorporated inside a square. Same layout exists to this day though the city itself has grown to be 3rd largest city in Pakistan by population.
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Faisalabad (former name Layllpur, established in 1880) was designed by Britain in circular city but incorporating union jack from British flag where the centre was a clock tower, that could be viewed from all places of new city. the footing of the circular city was actually incorporated inside a square. Same layout exists to this day though the city itself has grown to be 3rd largest city in Pakistan by population.
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LeetMath
cities will usually be built around a river or shoreline, and in some cases at the confluence of two rivers or around a bay, said they’re going to tend to have an orientation based around, going parallel to features like that, but if you’re developing a town on a flat area far away from other things a circle might make sense. probably a radio pattern from something like a highway offramp or a railroad station
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cities will usually be built around a river or shoreline, and in some cases at the confluence of two rivers or around a bay, said they’re going to tend to have an orientation based around, going parallel to features like that, but if you’re developing a town on a flat area far away from other things a circle might make sense. probably a radio pattern from something like a highway offramp or a railroad station
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spetga
Lopburi and Yala in Thailand. While most of cities in Thailand are either organic/ corridor growth (be it road, river, or canal)/ or square because of the moat around it.
Lopburi and Yala are circular, planned during the WWII era with the modernisation movement of the country. And they are doubted as the best planned citiesin the country, given that the rest of the cities in the country are mostly organic.
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Lopburi and Yala in Thailand. While most of cities in Thailand are either organic/ corridor growth (be it road, river, or canal)/ or square because of the moat around it.
Lopburi and Yala are circular, planned during the WWII era with the modernisation movement of the country. And they are doubted as the best planned citiesin the country, given that the rest of the cities in the country are mostly organic.
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timogul
I think circle cities look neat, but the plot shape tends to be impractical if you move toward the middle. I think squared circles work better, where the outer ring-road is circular, and the central plot is circular, but the middle ringroads are squares, and only the four cardinals are straight radials. The other major roads are just grids that cut between rings, so most of the plots are rectangular.
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I think circle cities look neat, but the plot shape tends to be impractical if you move toward the middle. I think squared circles work better, where the outer ring-road is circular, and the central plot is circular, but the middle ringroads are squares, and only the four cardinals are straight radials. The other major roads are just grids that cut between rings, so most of the plots are rectangular.
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craigsdaddy4095
funny video concept here it reminds me of my sim city build, i kept the city services in the very center and residential zones on the other rings utilizing all the land mass possible, i think one advantage to it is many 90 degree corners are removed improving traffic flow somehow
a week or 2 after building it was ranked the third highest in simolians in NA west coast
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funny video concept here it reminds me of my sim city build, i kept the city services in the very center and residential zones on the other rings utilizing all the land mass possible, i think one advantage to it is many 90 degree corners are removed improving traffic flow somehow
a week or 2 after building it was ranked the third highest in simolians in NA west coast
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