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zakruti.com » Knowledge, science, education » Historical films
The Bizarre History Of How Homo Sapiens Grew Big Brains - A Day In History

The Bizarre History Of How Homo Sapiens Grew Big Brains - A Day In History

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Today we shall dive deep into human evolution as we look at some of the most bizarre theories of how homo sapiens grew big brains with enhanced cognitive abilities! For the first two-thirds of our evolution, homo-sapiens shared the same brain size of monkeys and other primates. It would take a groundbreaking discovery in 1924 at a quarry in Taung, South Africa, to first introduce this extraordinary new idea. It was there that anthropologist Raymond Dart was stunned to find the fossilized cranium and intact skeletal face of an early bipedal ape, whose remains shared amazing similarities with the human brain. Dart declared it a previously unknown ancestor of modern humans, christening it with the name Australopithecus africanus, or Man-Ape of Africa, causing a mixture of skepticism and feverish enthusiasm to sweep the academic world. Dart experienced lot of pushback from scientists, who believed it was impossible that such a small-brained specimen, with a size of 450 grams equal to that of a chimpanzee, could be a hominid. It would take decades, and several more important archaeological finds, to validate Darts proposal. By the 1950s, a lot of other small-brained hominids had been excavated. One of these was the Paranthropus robustus, which first came to the attention of scientist Robert Broom in 1938 after he received an intriguing fossil in the mail. He followed this up with a dig at the mysterious origin site in Kromdraai, South Africa, finding a hominid ape with a brain size of 525 grams, similar to that of a gorilla at 500 grams. As a result, the Taung child, another name for Darts trailblazing fossil, and the idea that humans had once had similar brain masses to chimpanzees and gorillas, was accepted into standard evolutionary models. In the final third of our evolution, our brain size began to increase dramatically. The first notable enlargement occurred in the Homo habilis, the first type of Homo-sapiens that entered the evolutionary stage 1. 9 million years ago. It was in the next manifestation, Homo-erectus, who appeared 1. 8 million years ago, that another sizable expansion happened. Their brains were now averaging a little more than 600 grams. Thanks to incremental increases like these over hundreds of thousands of years, average brain weight reached over 1000 grams by 500, 000 years ago. When Homo-sapiens appeared 300, 000 years ago, they had a similar brain-size to modern humans of 1, 200 grams or more
Date: 2022-09-18

Comments and reviews: 6


When our distant relatives starting walking upright, it would start to lead to a bigger brain. Nerves, muscle control, and dexterity would also have to become more complex to the legs down to the feet. As monkeys that primarily use their arms that are dominant in all they do. Being upright means using all limbs in conjunction and coordinating together at the same time, unlike using the arms predominantly and legs playing a secondary less active role.
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No brain, no pain. According to Norm, alcohol kills off slower functioning brain cells making the faster functioning brain cells not have to wait around for the slower brain cells to catch up. That is why alcohol helps our brain.
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Apparently brain size diminishes when an animal can be less aggressive. A kill with a bow and arrow is less aggressive than close combat kills. After we domesticated ourselves we could afford to be less aggressive
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Certainly a major neocortical expansion pressure was the ratcheting ever upward via whittling away of lesser and compounding of the greater intellectual capacities to out think an equally cunning foe in combat.
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but why homo sapiens evolved in africa and not in europe neanderthal or Asia homo erectus? why it was in africa that homo develop high intelligence?
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Still much speculation about the motivation for human anatomical development and where it all came from
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